Putin 'is done' as losses in Ukraine degrade Kremlin's force projection | Peter Zeihan

Frontline | The War in Ukraine and Global Security
15 Jun 202424:43

TLDRIn this discussion, geopolitical analyst Peter Zeihan examines the impacts of Russia's ongoing war in Ukraine, highlighting the long-term implications for Russia's population and military capabilities. He emphasizes the significance of the Patriot missile system and Western fighter jets for Ukraine's defense, suggesting that these could shift the battlefield dynamics and potentially lead to a meaningful counteroffensive. Zeihan also touches on the political and military challenges Russia faces, including the recruitment of foreign fighters and the innovative tactics employed by Ukrainian forces.

Takeaways

  • 😐 Russia's military engagements are historically long due to their strategy of using human waves, indicating a war of attrition.
  • 🌍 The potential for Ukraine to gain local air superiority with the arrival of Western fighter jets like the Mirages from France and F-16s from the U.S. could significantly shift the battlefield dynamics.
  • 🚀 The Ukrainian military's offensive capabilities are currently hindered by the lack of air superiority, which if achieved, could allow for more effective maneuvers and counter-offensives.
  • 🔄 The recent strikes on Russian S400 air defense systems suggest a new weakness in Russia's top-tier equipment, affecting both their military capabilities and international arms sales.
  • 🛤️ The vulnerability of Crimea's supply lines, particularly the Kerch Strait Bridge, could isolate and weaken Russia's strategic foothold in the region.
  • ❄️ The upcoming winter is predicted to be harsh for Ukraine, with significant damage to power infrastructure from Russian attacks, leading to potential energy shortages.
  • 🚫 The U.S. lifting restrictions on the Azov Brigade using American weapons signifies a potential shift in the U.S. stance on supporting certain factions in Ukraine.
  • 💡 The conflict in Ukraine is marked by rapid technological evolution in military affairs, with innovations such as AI-guided drones emerging on the battlefield.
  • 📉 Russia is reportedly struggling to replace its military personnel, with significant casualties and a limited pool of younger population to draw from for future recruitment.
  • 🤝 The G7's decision to use profits from frozen Russian assets to provide financial support to Ukraine is a creative and politically impactful move.
  • 🏰 The fall of Crimea or a significant defeat for Russia could serve as a mass trigger for a potential political shift within Russia, although such an event is not yet on the horizon.

Q & A

  • What is the significance of the Patriot missile system being sent to Ukraine according to the discussion?

    -The Patriot missile system is significant as it addresses Ukraine's immediate need for air defense, which has been a vulnerability exploited by the Russians. It is crucial not just for the current situation but also for the upcoming scenario involving the arrival of Western fighter jets, enabling Ukraine to potentially achieve local air superiority.

  • How does the discussion suggest the Ukrainian military's situation without air superiority?

    -The Ukrainian military has been unable to maneuver functionally with armor and armored vehicles due to the lack of air superiority, making them vulnerable to Russian artillery. Achieving even brief moments of local air superiority could drastically change the battlefield dynamics in their favor.

  • What is the potential impact of Ukraine gaining local air superiority?

    -Gaining local air superiority could allow Ukraine to clear mines and conduct offensive operations without the constant threat of being targeted by artillery. It could also enable them to use weapons like AT cams to prepare for operations in places like Crimea, by taking out air defense systems like the S400.

  • What does the discussion imply about the S400 air defense system's effectiveness?

    -The S400, considered a top-of-the-line anti-missile and anti-aircraft system, has shown vulnerabilities as it struggles to deal with rocket attacks. This revelation has implications for countries interested in Russian weapon systems and changes the perception of what is possible on the battlefield.

  • How does the script discuss the potential for Ukraine to disrupt Russia's ability to support the war from Crimea?

    -The script suggests that Ukraine could disrupt Russia's support from Crimea by targeting the primary supply routes, including the rail route through Myole and the Kerch Strait Bridge. If successful, Crimea could transition from a launchpad for Russian assaults to a vulnerable part of the Russian landmass.

  • What challenges does the upcoming winter pose for Ukraine's energy infrastructure, as per the discussion?

    -The winter is expected to be harsh due to the destruction of power plants by Russian attacks using the Fab 1500, a weapon with a massive explosive payload and blast radius. This has left significant portions of Ukraine without power, and the only solution for communities east of Kiev is to import electricity from the European Union.

  • What does the lifting of the ban on the Azov Brigade signify in terms of U.S. policy?

    -The lifting of the ban signifies a potential shift in U.S. policy towards being less escalation-phobic, as the Azov Brigade, despite its controversial background, is now part of Ukraine's National Guard and is allowed to use American weapons.

  • How does the discussion characterize the state of Russian forces and their ability to replace personnel?

    -The Russian forces are facing significant challenges in replacing their personnel, with reports suggesting high casualty numbers. However, Russia has yet to fully mobilize and is still relying on minority groups from disadvantaged areas, indicating that the core of the country's capabilities has not been fully utilized.

  • What is the potential significance of Ukraine's innovation in military technology, as mentioned in the script?

    -Ukraine's innovation in military technology, such as the development of drones that can recognize targets by voice using AI, could potentially turn the tide in the conflict if they can maintain support and continue to develop and deploy these technologies on the battlefield.

  • How does the script discuss the G7's decision to use profits from frozen Russian assets to provide financial aid to Ukraine?

    -The script views the G7's decision as a creative and impactful move, using a loophole in international law to provide significant financial support to Ukraine without directly angering other parties besides Russia. However, it also questions whether this financial aid alone can be decisive in a conflict of such scale.

  • What message do the world's autocrats need to see from the conflict in Ukraine, according to President Biden's speech mentioned in the script?

    -President Biden's speech suggests that the world's autocrats need to see Russia not just humbled but destroyed in the conflict. This is because autocracies are hierarchical systems that require a clear demonstration of defeat to alter their perception and internal processing of reality.

Outlines

00:00

🌏 Geopolitical Analysis on Russian Warfare and Ukraine's Military Aid

This paragraph discusses the long-term nature of Russian wars, emphasizing their reliance on human waves and the demographic challenges that could lead to Russia's downfall. The conversation shifts to the geopolitical implications of military aid to Ukraine, including the Patriot missile system and the potential for Western fighter jets to change the dynamics of the conflict. The importance of air superiority for Ukrainian military offensives is highlighted, along with the strategic value of targeting Russian air defense systems.

05:01

🛡️ The Significance of Air Defense and Energy Infrastructure in Ukraine

The focus here is on Ukraine's efforts to bolster its air defenses and energy infrastructure amidst the ongoing conflict. The discussion covers the potential impact of Western military technology on Russian forces in Crimea, the vulnerability of the Kerch Strait Bridge, and the political ramifications of Ukraine's actions. The conversation also touches on the challenges Ukraine faces during the winter due to attacks on its power plants and the strategic importance of maintaining energy resilience.

10:03

📉 Analyzing Russia's Military Casualties and Recruitment Strategies

This paragraph delves into the high casualty rates of the Russian military in the conflict, comparing them to historical wars and discussing the implications for Russia's ability to sustain its forces. It also addresses the challenges Russia faces in replacing its personnel, including the potential use of foreign recruits and the impact of a dwindling population of young Russians on the country's long-term prospects.

15:03

💡 Innovations in Military Technology and Their Impact on Warfare

The discussion in this paragraph centers on the rapid technological advancements in warfare, particularly the integration of information technology and AI with military operations. The potential for Ukrainian innovations to shift the balance of power is explored, as well as the broader implications of these technological changes for future conflicts. The conversation also considers the enduring importance of traditional military strategies in the context of new technologies.

20:04

🤝 G7 Support for Ukraine and the Political Landscape of Autocracies

The final paragraph examines the G7's financial support for Ukraine, the political dynamics within the G7 countries, and the message that autocratic leaders around the world should take from the conflict. The conversation highlights the importance of solidarity among Western nations and the potential for a decisive blow to Russia's military capabilities to influence global perceptions of democracy and autocracy.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Force projection

Force projection refers to a country's ability to deploy its military power effectively in a region far from its own territory. In the context of the video, it discusses how Russia's capacity to exert influence and power is being degraded due to losses in Ukraine, suggesting a potential decline in their global strategic capabilities.

💡Patriot missile system

The Patriot missile system is an advanced surface-to-air missile defense system. The script mentions the U.S. sending a $1.1 billion Patriot missile system to Ukraine, highlighting the importance of this air defense system in the ongoing conflict, where it is needed to protect against Russian air-based attacks.

💡Air superiority

Air superiority is the ability of one side in a conflict to control the airspace over a battlefield. The script discusses how the arrival of Western fighter jets, such as the Mirages from France and the F-16s from the United States, could potentially provide Ukraine with local air superiority, which is crucial for launching successful offensive operations.

💡Human waves

Human waves is a military tactic involving the massed advance of infantry, often used by Russia in its warfare history. The script mentions this as a characteristic of Russian warfare, suggesting that their conflicts tend to be prolonged and involve large numbers of personnel.

💡S400 air defense system

The S400 is a Russian-made advanced surface-to-air missile system, considered one of the most sophisticated before the war. The script notes that Ukrainian forces have targeted and potentially neutralized this system, which is a significant development as it undermines Russia's air defense capabilities.

💡Crimea

Crimea is a peninsula that was annexed by Russia in 2014, a move not recognized by Ukraine and most of the international community. The script discusses the strategic importance of Crimea in the conflict, particularly in relation to military supply routes and the potential for Ukraine to disrupt these to weaken Russia's position.

💡FAB 1500

The FAB 1500 is a large, Russian-made bomb designed for use against heavily fortified targets. The script describes its use in destroying power plants in Ukraine, illustrating the scale of destruction caused by the conflict and the impact on civilian infrastructure.

💡Azov Brigade

The Azov Brigade is a Ukrainian military unit that has been a point of controversy due to its founders' Neo-Nazi ideology. The script notes the U.S. lifting a ban on the Azov Brigade using American weapons, indicating a shift in policy that could be seen as a signal of stronger support for Ukraine.

💡G7

The G7 refers to a group of seven major industrialized nations, which includes the United States, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom. The script mentions a G7 deal to use profits from frozen Russian assets to provide financial support to Ukraine, highlighting the international political and economic dimensions of the conflict.

💡Technological revolution

The script discusses the ongoing technological revolution in warfare, particularly the integration of information technology and AI with military operations. This revolution is changing the nature of the conflict in Ukraine, with innovations like drones that can recognize targets by their voice, potentially giving Ukraine an edge.

💡Mercenary

A mercenary is a soldier who fights for a foreign country or group for money rather than for political or ideological reasons. The script mentions reports of retired Sri Lankan generals allegedly recruiting for Russian mercenary groups, indicating the global nature of the conflict and the tactics used to bolster military forces.

Highlights

Russians traditionally engage in long wars characterized by human wave tactics.

The current conflict in Ukraine may be Russia's last due to a lack of population under 20 to repopulate the system.

The US is sending a $1.1 billion Patriot missile system to Ukraine, which is crucial for air defense.

Western fighter jets, including Mirages from France and F-16s from the US, are set to change the dynamics of the battlefield.

Ukraine's military capabilities are hindered without local air superiority, which is essential for offensive maneuvers.

The Ukrainian military is beginning to utilize AT CAMS to target Russian air defense systems like the S-400.

The effectiveness of the S-400 system is being questioned after it failed to deal with rocket attacks.

Ukraine aims to disrupt Russian supply lines, particularly the Kerch Strait Bridge, to isolate Crimea.

The potential isolation of Crimea could transform it from a strategic asset to a vulnerable liability for Russia.

Ukraine's President Zalinsky emphasizes the need for more air defenses and resilience in energy infrastructure.

The US has lifted a ban on the Azov Brigade using American weapons, despite concerns over the group's ideology.

Russian forces are facing significant challenges in replacing personnel, with high casualty numbers reported.

Innovations in military technology, such as AI-enabled drones, are rapidly changing the nature of warfare.

The conflict in Ukraine is compared to historical wars due to its scale and the technological revolution in play.

Russian recruitment tactics include using foreign mercenaries, reportedly even involving Sri Lankan citizens.

The G7's decision to use profits from frozen Russian assets to provide financial support to Ukraine is seen as ingenious.

The need for solidarity among the G7 countries is emphasized amidst political turmoil in several member states.

President Biden's speech at the D-Day commemorations draws parallels between historical and current defense of democracy.