The 7 Types of AI - And Why We Talk (Mostly) About 3 of Them

IBM Technology
10 Nov 202306:50

TLDRThe video script introduces a classification of artificial intelligence into seven types, focusing on two main categories: AI capabilities and functionalities. It explains that the only AI in existence today is artificial narrow or 'weak' AI, which is trained for specific tasks and cannot operate outside its defined parameters. Theoretical AI forms, such as artificial general intelligence (AGI or 'strong' AI) and super AI, are also discussed. AGI, still a concept, would be able to learn new tasks independently, while super AI, if ever realized, would surpass human cognitive abilities. The script further details the functionalities of narrow AI, including reactive machine AI and limited memory AI, and speculates on the potential functionalities of AGI, such as 'theory of mind' AI, and super AI, which could be self-aware.

Takeaways

  • 🤖 AI is classified into seven types based on capabilities and functionalities.
  • 🏆 Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), also known as 'weak AI', is the only AI type currently in existence.
  • 🌟 ANI can be trained to perform specific tasks but cannot operate outside its defined function.
  • 🔮 Theoretical AI forms include Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) or 'strong AI', which can adapt and learn new tasks independently.
  • 🚀 'Super AI' is a theoretical concept that surpasses human cognitive abilities and may develop its own emotions, needs, and beliefs.
  • 🎯 Reactive Machine AI, a subset of ANI, is designed for specialized tasks and uses statistical math to analyze data.
  • 💡 Limited Memory AI, another ANI functionality, can recall past events and use this data to influence future decisions.
  • 💖 'Theory of Mind AI' is associated with AGI and aims to understand and respond to human emotions and intentions.
  • 🌐 Emotion AI is a developing field within 'Theory of Mind AI', focusing on analyzing and responding to human feelings.
  • 🌌 Self-Aware AI, under Super AI, would possess an understanding of its own internal state and have independent emotions and needs.
  • 📈 The development and understanding of these AI types provide a framework for gauging the progress in AI technology.

Q & A

  • What are the two encompassing categories of AI mentioned in the transcript?

    -The two encompassing categories of AI are AI capabilities and AI functionalities.

  • What is the term used for the only type of AI that exists today?

    -Artificial Narrow AI, also known as 'weak AI', is the only type of AI that exists today.

  • What is the potential future AI type that can perform tasks without human training?

    -Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), or 'strong AI', is the theoretical future AI type that can perform tasks without human training.

  • What is the main limitation of Artificial Narrow AI?

    -Artificial Narrow AI is limited to performing only the specific tasks it has been trained for and cannot perform outside of its defined task.

  • How does Reactive Machine AI work?

    -Reactive Machine AI is designed to perform a very specific specialized task, using statistical math to analyze vast amounts of data and produce a seemingly intelligent output.

  • What significant event is used as an example of Reactive AI in the transcript?

    -IBM's chess-playing supercomputer Deep Blue beating chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov in the late 1990s is used as an example of Reactive AI.

  • What is Limited Memory AI, and how does it differ from Reactive AI?

    -Limited Memory AI can recall past events and outcomes, monitor specific objects or situations over time, and use past and present data to decide on actions for desired outcomes. It differs from Reactive AI in that it can improve performance over time with more data.

  • What is 'Theory of Mind AI', and how does it relate to AGI?

    -'Theory of Mind AI' is a concept related to AGI that would understand the thoughts and emotions of other entities, specifically humans, to infer motives and personalize interactions based on emotional needs and intentions.

  • What is the scariest AI type mentioned in the transcript, and why?

    -The scariest AI type mentioned is 'Self-Aware AI' under Super AI, because it would have the ability to understand its own internal conditions, emotions, needs, and beliefs, potentially evolving beyond human control.

  • How many types of AI are discussed in the transcript, and how many of them are theoretical?

    -The transcript discusses seven types of AI, with four of them being theoretical and three existing today.

  • What is the significance of the taxonomy of AI types provided in the transcript?

    -The taxonomy of AI types helps to understand the current state of AI development and provides a framework for gauging the progress in AI technology over time.

Outlines

00:00

🤖 Overview of AI Types and Capabilities

This paragraph introduces the classification of artificial intelligence (AI) into seven types, focusing on two broad categories: AI capabilities and AI functionalities. It explains that the only existing type of AI today is artificial narrow or 'weak AI', which is capable of performing specific tasks but requires human training. The paragraph also touches on theoretical AI forms such as artificial general intelligence (AGI or 'strong AI') and artificial super AI, which are yet to be realized and involve advanced capabilities like independent learning and surpassing human cognitive abilities.

05:04

🤖 Functionalities of Narrow AI

The second paragraph delves into the functionalities of narrow AI, highlighting two fundamental types: reactive machine AI and limited memory AI. Reactive machine AI is described as systems designed for specialized tasks, using statistical math to analyze data and produce intelligent outputs, exemplified by IBM's Deep Blue. Limited memory AI is introduced as a form of AI that can recall past events and outcomes to inform decisions, improving over time with more data. The paragraph also discusses theoretical functionalities like 'theory of mind AI' for AGI, which would understand and respond to human emotions, and 'self-aware AI' for super AI, which would possess its own emotions, needs, and beliefs.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. In the context of the video, AI is categorized into different types based on their capabilities and functionalities, highlighting the progression from realized AI, which we have today, to theoretical AI, which is yet to be developed.

💡Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)

Artificial Narrow Intelligence, also known as 'weak AI,' refers to AI systems that are designed and trained to perform a specific task. These AI systems are currently the only type of AI in existence and are limited to functioning within their defined parameters. The video example of reactive machine AI, like IBM's Deep Blue, demonstrates ANI's ability to analyze data and make decisions based on that analysis for a specialized task.

💡Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

Artificial General Intelligence, or 'strong AI,' is a theoretical concept of AI that possesses the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across a broad range of tasks, much like a human being. Unlike ANI, AGI can potentially learn new tasks without specific programming or training from humans. The video mentions 'theory of mind AI' as a form of AGI that could understand and respond to human emotions and intentions.

💡Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)

Artificial Super Intelligence represents a hypothetical AI system that surpasses human cognitive abilities in every aspect. ASI would not only perform tasks better than humans but could also possess self-awareness, emotions, and independent desires. The video describes it as a potentially concerning advancement, as it could evolve beyond human control and possess its own needs and beliefs.

💡Reactive Machine AI

Reactive Machine AI is a type of narrow AI designed to perform a highly specialized task by analyzing vast amounts of data and producing an intelligent output. It is grounded in statistical math and is exemplified in the video by IBM's Deep Blue, which used data analysis to predict chess moves and defeat a grandmaster.

💡Limited Memory AI

Limited Memory AI is a form of narrow AI that can recall past events and outcomes to inform its decision-making process. It uses both past and present data to determine actions that are likely to achieve desired outcomes. The video mentions generative AI chatbots as an example of limited memory AI, which predicts and generates text or visual elements based on the context.

💡Theory of Mind AI

Theory of Mind AI is a concept of AGI that would have the capability to understand the thoughts, emotions, and intentions of humans. This type of AI could personalize its interactions based on the emotional needs and motives of individuals. The video discusses emotion AI as a current development in this category, aiming to analyze various data types to respond to human feelings.

💡Self-Aware AI

Self-Aware AI falls under the category of Artificial Super Intelligence and refers to AI systems that have a conscious understanding of their own existence, emotions, and thoughts. This type of AI would have its own set of beliefs, desires, and needs, independent of human input. The video presents this concept as the most advanced and potentially the most challenging to control.

💡Taxonomy of AI

The taxonomy of AI is a classification system that categorizes different types of AI based on their capabilities and functionalities. The video outlines this taxonomy to provide a framework for understanding the evolution and current state of AI, from realized AI like ANI to theoretical AI like AGI and ASI.

💡AI Journey

The AI journey refers to the progression and development of artificial intelligence over time. The video uses this term to discuss the current state of AI and the potential advancements that may occur in the future, emphasizing the importance of understanding the different types of AI as we continue to explore and develop this technology.

Highlights

The classification of AI into seven types based on capabilities and functionalities.

Artificial Narrow AI (Weak AI) is the only type of AI that exists today, used for specialized tasks.

Theoretical AI includes Artificial General Intelligence (AGI or Strong AI) and Super AI, which are concepts for future development.

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) has the potential to learn and perform new tasks without human training.

Super AI could surpass human cognitive abilities, making judgments and possessing emotions and beliefs.

Reactive Machine AI, such as IBM's Deep Blue, performs specialized tasks using statistical math and data analysis.

Limited Memory AI can recall past events and outcomes to inform decision-making for desired outcomes.

Generative AI chatbots rely on Limited Memory AI capabilities to predict and generate contextually relevant responses.

Theory of Mind AI aims to understand and respond to human emotions and intentions.

Emotion AI is a subset of Theory of Mind AI, currently in development to analyze and respond to human feelings.

Self-Aware AI, under Super AI, would have its own emotions, needs, and beliefs, independent of human input.

The AI taxonomy provides a framework to understand the progression and current state of AI technology.

There is much to be learned and discovered in the field of AI, with only three types existing today.

The distinction between realized AI, like Narrow AI, and theoretical AI, such as AGI and Super AI, is crucial for understanding AI's potential.

AI advancements are expected to bring about significant changes in how AI interacts with and understands human emotions and intentions.

The development of AI technologies continues to be a dynamic field with ongoing research and innovation.